TOUGH2
Category Geothermal
Publisher  Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 
Platform DOS
Status Public domain
Description TOUGH2 is a multi-dimensional numerical model for simulating the coupled transport of water, vapor, non-condensible gas, and heat in porous and fractured media. It uses an integral finite difference method for space discretization, and first-order fully implicit time differencing. A choice of a sparse direct solver or various preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithms are available for linear equation solution. Thermophysical properties of water are represented, within experimental accuracy, by steam table equations. The program provides options for specifying injection or withdrawal of heat and fluids. Double-porosity, dual-permeability, and multiple interacting continua methods are available for modeling flow in fractured porous media. Although primarily designed for geothermal reservoir studies and high-level nuclear waste isolation, it can be applied to a wider range of problems in heat and moisture transfer, and in the drying of porous materials. A multi-phase approach to fluid and heat flow is used, which fully accounts for the movement of gaseous and liquid phases, their transport of latent and sensible heat, and phase transitions between liquid and vapor. It takes account of fluid flow in both liquid and gaseous phases occurring under pressure, viscous, and gravity forces according to Darcy's law. Interference between the phases is represented by means of relative permeability functions. The code includes Klinkenberg effects and binary diffusion in the gas phase, and capillary and phase adsorption effects for the liquid phase. Heat transport occurs by means of conduction (with thermal conductivity dependent on water saturation), convection, and binary diffusion, which includes both sensible and latent heat.
Data formats supported None stated
Supplier in France  OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 
Supplier in United States of America  Energy Science and Technology Software Center 

Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Software Directory ©  Bedrock  2024