GGSD Program Details for TOUGH2

TOUGH2

Category	Geothermal
Publisher	Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
Platform	DOS
Status	Public domain
Description	TOUGH2 is a multi-dimensional numerical model for simulating the coupled transport of water, vapor, non-condensible gas, and heat in porous and fractured media. It uses an integral finite difference method for space discretization, and first-order fully implicit time differencing. A choice of a sparse direct solver or various preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithms are available for linear equation solution. Thermophysical properties of water are represented, within experimental accuracy, by steam table equations. The program provides options for specifying injection or withdrawal of heat and fluids. Double-porosity, dual-permeability, and multiple interacting continua methods are available for modeling flow in fractured porous media. Although primarily designed for geothermal reservoir studies and high-level nuclear waste isolation, it can be applied to a wider range of problems in heat and moisture transfer, and in the drying of porous materials. A multi-phase approach to fluid and heat flow is used, which fully accounts for the movement of gaseous and liquid phases, their transport of latent and sensible heat, and phase transitions between liquid and vapor. It takes account of fluid flow in both liquid and gaseous phases occurring under pressure, viscous, and gravity forces according to Darcy's law. Interference between the phases is represented by means of relative permeability functions. The code includes Klinkenberg effects and binary diffusion in the gas phase, and capillary and phase adsorption effects for the liquid phase. Heat transport occurs by means of conduction (with thermal conductivity dependent on water saturation), convection, and binary diffusion, which includes both sensible and latent heat.
Data formats supported	None stated
Supplier in France	OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
Supplier in United States of America	Energy Science and Technology Software Center